Violence and Aggression in the Health Care Sector
Main causes of violence in the health care sector, prevention of violence, verbal and non-verbal de-escalation.
5. De-escalation
The recommendations that are presented in the following text are not just based on the necessary defence, but also involves the process of what may occur when the health professional deals with the aggressive patient with respect. The patient is not always the only one that is responsible for the violence, but also the health professionals are involved in these situations without doing anything to de-escalate the situation. That is why the first task is a de-escalation of a violent patient that is safe for the health professional, the patient and other personnel and patients. The safe deescalation includes all possible techniques with minimal danger for the patient. Using restrictive means or defensive grips is allowable only in extreme cases, when the patient's or health professional's life are endangered and if all other communication skills are exhausted (Richmond, 2012). The self-defence techniques must be undertaken in such a way to minimise injuries of all people present in a violent situation. Therefore, communication techniques and skills that help to solve violent situations in an effective way were chosen - they call the patient to collaborate and focus on the patient as a whole, not on the patients’ violent reaction. We are aware of drawbacks – every violent situation is different and is ever changing. Nevertheless, it has been possible to create techniques that work in practical situations (Pekara, 2014).